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Useful scientific resources to silence fools

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Re: Useful scientific resources to silence fools

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Flann 5 wrote: Here's another inconsistency with the story. Wasps morphologically the same as the modern ones that lay their larvae in fig plants,existed 65 million years before the fig plants appear in the fossil record. Not only that but the molecular dating for figs also places figs similarly later.
Of course they speculate and invent stories to get around this, as they always do in these cases.
Well, no, they have to incorporate new evidence and figure out what it means. Evolution encompasses a lot of detail and the details change whenever new evidence is discovered. You seem to be faulting scientists for not knowing everything about evolution from the start. Your comment here demonstrates a profound lack of understanding of how science works.

I have referred to an essay in the past written by Jeffrey Ellis called “Castles and Tents”. The author says that to be critical thinkers we have to build tents, not castles. Dogmatists build castles and throw up walls and embattlements from which to protect and defend their firmly entrenched beliefs against attack. But good critical thinkers build tents. Interested only in moving their opinions as close to the truth as possible, they must be able to pull up stakes and relocate as new arguments and new evidence cause them to reconsider their opinions.

In science we have to follow the evidence. This is its strength. If new evidence comes along or new interpretations are made of existing evidence that contradict our older assertions, we will happily pick up our stakes and move the tent.

http://jeffreyellis.org/castles-and-tents/
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Re: Useful scientific resources to silence fools

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"The world's oldest known example of a fig wasp has been identified from the Isle of Wight. Dating back 34 million years, the fossil wasp looks almost identical to the modern species, suggesting the specialized insect has remained virtually unchanged for at least that long."

"We believe from molecular evidence that fig wasps and fig trees have been evolving together for over 60 million years," said Steve Compton, a fig wasp expert at the University of Leeds in England. "Now we have fossil confirmation that gets us a bit closer to that date. Although we often think of the world as constantly changing, what this fossil gives us is an example of something remaining unchanged for tens of millions of years."

"Compton and his colleagues used high-tech microscopy techniques to compare the ancient wasp fossils with modern fig wasps and with a specimen of a fig wasp encased in Dominican amber dated to 20 million years ago. Both fossil insects showed the same body shape and features as the modern species, they found.

The team also found pollen pockets on the underside of the fossil wasp and the wasp trapped in amber and identified grains of fig pollen within those pockets.

"What makes this fossil fascinating is not just its age, but that it is so similar to the modern species," Compton said. "This means that the complex relationship that exists today between the fig wasps and their host trees developed more than 34 million years ago and has remained unchanged since then.""

http://www.livescience.com/6617-world-o ... vered.html

Even if it were true that fig wasps existed 65 million years before the first fig trees, that they came upon a new plant to pollinate wouldn't be particularly odd. Here is an article on the use of bees to pollinate coffee crops. Bees are not the natural pollinator of coffee plants but introducing them to coffee fields have greatly increased our yields of coffee beans.

http://www.amjbot.org/content/90/1/153.full
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